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Thursday, 27 August 2015

Vintages of Nigeria

Old Men Cars In Nigeria


Speaking of automobile industry, the past recorded cars manufactured at different countries holding some interesting memories about the shape, design and nick name tag to these cars.
In Nigeria today, some of these cars are still seen on the road even though it’s almost extinct but most time such cars are being driven by old men.
Such cars are as follows;





1. Beetle
This is a German car manufactured few years after WW2. It’s one of the all time most rugged car designed by volkswagen company as it is nick named “Ijapa” in yoruba dialect. Such cars nowadays are driven by old men within the age range of 55 to death do us apart.

2. Peugeot 504
This car reigned in Nigeria for decades due to its strong body metal and compatibility to our bad roads. It is only old men you see driving this car nowadays with huge “agbada” attire.

3. Pick-up
This is a haulage vehicle manufactured by peugeot company in the 50-70’s. Despite the fact that it is almost off the road, you will still see old men driving it for business purpose.

4. Benz 80-98 model
In the olden days, anybody that is using Mercedes benz is automatically tag a big man even up till now. It is only old men most especially “baale or babalawo” you still see driving the model 80-98 series. Atimes you see the car plate number customised with their local name.

5. Nissan 120Y
This brand of car reigned between the 80’s to late 90’s in cities like Abeokuta, Ibadan, etc for commercial use (taxi). It comes with different model but the one common is “salake” as seen used by old men recently.

6. Molue
Those in lagos can bear me witness that this brand of bus is still driven by old men in routes like oshodi, iyana paja, abule-egba, etc. The engine smoke, insult from conductor and passengers make this vehicle a dramatic experience when you board it.

7. Tipa
This is a haulage mini truck designed by Bedford to carry loads most especially sands and rock peddles. This is still seen nowadays on roads driven by old men.

8. Citron
This is an Italian model bus car used for travel purpose in the olden days. Commuter users like Izuchukwu, Jide ofor, fear woman motors, etc used it for long distance journey to convey passengers. You can hardly see this vehicle on road nowadays and if you do, only old men drive it.



AYOMIDE ADEJUWON is a professional Auto-Mechanic, Techie and also an experienced blogger who specialize in educating people around the world about Automobile. 

Courtesy of  Naijaloaded

Wednesday, 26 August 2015

Automobile Info-Dustry

Toyota Sienna




Toyota Sienna is a very good Minivan which has always met the needs of it's consumer especially a family person it can accommodate the whole family and ever ready for vacation, picnic etc. Produced by Toyota Motor Manufacturing Company in  Princeton, IndianaUnited States for North America market, yeah that's right Toyota sienna is an American Spec. It's predecessor is Toyota Previa

first generation(1997), front-wheel drive and it has the same chassis platform has Toyota Camry.
The Toyota Sienna has three(3) generation and every generation has a distinctive features that differentiate it from the other, the third generation won the Award  "Top Safety Pick" award from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.

First Generation(1997-2002)

The Sienna debuted with a 3.0-liter 1MZ-FE V6 engine rated at 194 hp (145 kW) and 209 lb·ft (284 N·m) of torque. Built on an extended platform of the Camry, the Sienna was appropriately marketed as the "Camry of minivans," capitalizing on the Toyota Camry's popularity and reputation. It came in three trim levels, CE, LE, and XLE. The LE and XLE models were equipped with 2nd row captain's chairs while the CE models came equipped with a 2nd row 2-passenger bench seat. The driver side sliding door and roof rack were standard on the LE and XLE models, but were optional on the CE models. The XLE models offered leather seats and a wood trim package. The Sienna also touted best-in-class fuel economy of 16city/22 highway miles per gallon. It was built in Georgetown, Kentucky. A year after its release, the Sienna faced new competition from the redesigned Honda Odyssey minivan, which was larger and offered a V6 like the Sienna.
For the 2001 model year, the Sienna underwent a mid-cycle refresh. This update included a facelift to both front and rearfascias which added a redesigned front grille and bumper along with revised rear taillights sporting a more modern appearance (clear-lens turn-signals as opposed to amber-coloured). Toyota also revamped the center console area to add more usability to the HVAC controls along with new locations for the accessory switches (rear vent, power sliding doorsheated seats). The engine also came equipped with a variable valve timing feature VVT-i boosting output to 210 hp (157 kW) and 220 lb·ft (298 N·m) torque. The driver side sliding door became standard on all models, although the roof rack remained optional on the CE models.
This generation was noteworthy for its impressive safety content as one of the few minivans to offer options including front seat-mounted side torso airbags and Vehicle Stability ControlAnti-lock braking was standard. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety rated the Sienna "Good" in all six frontal crash test measures, which was far better than the Previa.[6]
The reputation of this generation was marred by a class-action settlement for an engine oil sludge problem which affected the V-6 engines in many Toyota models. Details of the settlement can be found at. The list of models affected and their engines are listed on page 7 of the settlement document. Symptoms of the problem include oil smoke in the exhaust, oil quickly becoming dark or black after an oil change, gasoline odor in the oil, high oil consumption, and eventually engine failure.

Second Generation(2003-2010)


On January 6, 2003, the second-generation Sienna was unveiled at the Detroit Auto Show. Production Princeton, Indiana, and the former Georgetown plant was retooled to build the second generation Camry Solara. To make the redesign more successful, Toyota assigned Yuji Yokoya as chief engineer on the new Sienna project. Yokoya and his family drove the previous Sienna over 53,000 miles (85,000 km) throughout North America to find weaknesses from the previous model.[9][10]
shifted to
The new redesign continued to offer the CE, LE, and XLE trims along with a new, more luxurious, leather-trimmed XLE Limited model. The most distinguishable difference on the XLE Limited model is the horizontal chrome bar placed above the rear license plate. All Siennas are now powered by an updated ULEV certified 3.3-liter 3MZ-FE V6 engine paired with a new 5-speed automatic transmission. The gear-shift lever was also moved from the steering column to the lower-center center console area, and moved in a zig-zag pattern similar to the Lexus RX. New styling allowed for a coefficient of drag figure of 0.30 CdFuel economy was rated at 17 city/25 highway (16 city/22 highway for AWD) under revised EPA estimates.
The redesigned Sienna also offered a variety of new features, many of which were derived from other competition within segment. For example, while the Odyssey's "Magic Seat" was a one-piece folding bench, the Sienna's added a more versatile 60/40 split configuration. In addition, the flat-folding third row seat was offered even with all-wheel-drive.[1] Power-retractable side-windows which rolled down completely into the second-row sliding-doors (introduced in the Mazda MPV) were also new along with available eight-passenger seating (CE and LE only), dual power sliding doors, and power liftgate (standard on XLE and Limited, optional on LE).
Standard features included remote keyless entrytilt-and-telescopic steering wheel, high solar energy-absorbing glass (HSEA) on the windshield and front windows, rear climate control, and run-flat tires that came standard with the available all wheel drive. The all wheel drive system continuously divided engine power 50:50 front and rear. All 2004–2007 Siennas also came standard with a factory tow package (hitch kit and trailer lighting connections not included[clarification needed]) and a 3,500 pounds (1,600 kg) towing capacity. Major options included HID Xenon headlamps (XLE Limited), Dynamic Laser Cruise Controlfront and rear obstacle detection, a "kid-view" mirror (similar to wide-angle mirrors found in a school bus), a voice-activated navigation system (not voice activated for the 2004 model year) which included a backup camera, 10-speaker JBL "Synthesis" audio and rear-seat DVD entertainment system with a flip down screen.

Third Generation(2011-present)


The redesigned 2011 Sienna premiered at the Los Angeles Auto Show in early December 2009. It was designed at Calty studios and engineered at Toyota Technical Center in Ann Arbor, Michigan and Toyota Motor Corporation in Japan.[18] The new Sienna arrived at dealers in February 2010.[19]
2011 Toyota Sienna SE
2012 Toyota Sienna LE
The Sienna is offered in five trim levels, the Sienna base grade, LEXLELimited and for the first time the SE trim. The new SEoffers revised bodywork, clear tail lamps, 19-inch (480 mm) wheels, firmer suspension and revised steering tuning for a sportier ride. All-wheel-drive is only available with the V6 engine on the LEXLE and Limited model trims. Described by AOL Autos as slipping a sports car in a minivan, Chief Engineer Kazuo Mori (an avid autocrosser) reportedly had to overcome opposition to get the SE equipment package included in the line-up.
The previous 3.5-liter 2GR-FE continues, but for the first time the Sienna offers a four cylinder engine, the 1AR-FE; and is the first time Toyota has offered a four cylinder engine in a North American minivan since discontinuation of the Estima/Previa in late 1997. An Electric Power Steering (EPS) system replaces the previous hydraulic power steering system. Toyota continues to offer all wheel drive in the Sienna. It is the only North American minivan with an available AWD drivetrain. Toyota expects EPA-estimated mileage figures of 19 mpg- (12.4 L/100 km) city / 24 mpg-US (9.8 L/100 km) highway for models powered by the 4-cylinder engine, 18 mpg(13.1 L/100 km) city / 24 mpg (9.8 L/100 km) highway for 2WD V6 models, and 16 mpg.(14.7 L/100 km) city / 22 mpg-US (10.7 L/100 km) highway for AWD models. An optional tow package for V6 models is rated to tow 3,500 pounds (1,600 kg).
The front dashboard features a "swoop" wood trim, inspired by the Toyota Venza and Lexus RX, that gives front seat occupants a "60/60" split whether in the driver or passenger seat.
New features include an optional sliding second row with "Lounge Seating" recliner style chairs, a feature previously seen on the Lexus LS, and Toyota's keyless Smart Key System with push-button start. The rear seat entertainment option now uses a 16.4-inch (41.7 cm) LCD screen which operates in two view modes, a single 16:9-ratio widescreen or two separate 4:3-ratio split screens with separate wireless headphones. Toyota's new "Display Navigation with Entune" connected navigation system became available for the 2012 model year.
For safety the back-up camera comes with a new 180° panoramic view. Other new options include a Pre-Collision System (PCS) as well as an automatic highbeam dimmerSafety Connect and a more advanced stability control system known as Vehicle Integrated Dynamics Management. A driver's knee airbag is now standard as well.
Unlike Chrysler's minivans Toyota decided not to offer a flat folding second row; instead the seats must be removed for extra cargo space. Toyota instead chose larger and heavier second row seats with more padding for comfort. When the second row seats are removed, the bottom of the second row seats, which is similar to a rack, remains attached to the van floor. This means that with second row seats removed, the floor is not flat.
Toyota is the first automaker to offer a factory installed auto-access seat for disabled people. The one-touch rotating, power ascending/descending lift-up seat can lower to within 19 inches (48 cm) of the ground.
The Toyota Sienna has had a minor refresh for the 2015 model year. All of the Sienna trims received a new tail light and interior design. The Sienna SE used the original pre-facelift "sport" tail lights. Toyota has added 3 new colors (Sky Blue Pearl, Creme Brulee Metallic, and Attitude Black Metallic). For the Limited and SE models, the Sienna features LED daytime running lights (DRL's). The rest of the trims (L, LE, and XLE) have the same headlights as their pre-facelift.

Toyota Sienna are cheap, budget-friendly and energy-efficient cars but best family-safe car.


www.AutoXy.blogspot.com
|Automobile Wiki Solution|

AYOMIDE ADEJUWON is a professional Auto-Mechanic, Techie and also an experienced blogger who specialize in educating people around the world about Automobile.

Tuesday, 25 August 2015

AUTO-CLEANSING


Servicing an Automobile


Servicing is the act of checking and repairing a vehicle or machine, but in automobile, it is not about checking or adjusting, it is about dealing with the automobile entirely without leaving any stone on turn.
When you by a brand new car in the car Manuel you will come across an instruction saying ‘’Service in the next 6 months or 6000km’’ what they are trying to say is that you should take your car to an experience technician for servicing, so all what the technician will do is to inspect the entire car and state out the parts that needs adjustment, repairing or renewing. I will list the most frequent things technician change and repair when servicing an automobile.


Engine
-engine oil
-oil filter
-engine belt/chain
-spark plugs

Gear
-gear oil
-oil filter
-clutch
-shaft

Fuel system
-carburetor/injector
-fuel filter
-fuel pump
-air filter

Electrical/Electronic System
-fuse
-relay
-battery
-sensors
-radio
-speakers

Cooling system
-water
-thermostat
-radiator

Brake
-brake pads
-brake hose
Suspension
-shock absorber

Tires

Air Conditioning

Tip
Do not wait for your car to get faulty before servicing, prevention is better than cure


www.AutoXy.blogspot.com
|Automobile Wiki Solution|


AYOMIDE ADEJUWON is a professional Auto-Mechanic, Techie and also an experienced blogger who specialize in educating people around the world about Automobile. 

LIFELINE OF AUTOMOBILE

                                                                                                                                                     
Automobile Oil

Oil is an organic product which is the most useful and valuable substance in the world; it has different types and uses
-Cooking
-Detergent
-Cosmetic
-Lubricating Agent (Automobile Oil)

Lubrication is the process by which lubricant (oil) is applied to the surfaces or parts of a machine so that they work easily and smoothly. Speaking of lubrication, an automobile uses different kinds of lubricating agent (automobile oil) which are distinguish by their Viscosity, Color and Nature

Types of Lubricating Oil
-Engine Oil (engine only)
-Transmission Oil (gear & steering)
-Brake Oil (brake only)
-Axle Oil (back and front* axle)
-Shaft Grease (shaft)

*Automobile with 4WD

Purpose of Oil
Oil lubricates moving parts to reduce wear and also clearances between moving parts (crankshaft, camshaft etc.) are filled with oil; this reduces power loss in the engine. When heavy loads are imposed on the bearings, oil helps cushion the shock; it assists by forming a gas-tight seal between piston rings and cylinder walls which reduces blowby in addition to lubricating the pistons and rings. It also acts as a cleaning agent. The circulating oil picks up particles of dirt and carries them to the filter or down the oil pan.

Properties of Lubricating Oil
-Viscosity: is a measure of an oil resistance to flow
-Viscosity Index:
this is a measure of how much the viscosity of an oil changes with temperature
-Viscosity Numbers
-Resistance to carbon formation and oil formation
-Corrosion and rust inhibitors
-Foaming Resistance
-Detergent Dispersant
-Extreme pressure resistant
-Energy conserving oil

Tip
A good Engine oil must be sticky


www.AutoXy.blogspot.com
|Automobile Wiki Solution|


AYOMIDE ADEJUWON is a professional Auto-Mechanic, Techie and also an experienced blogger who specialize in educating people around the world about Automobile. 

AUTOMOBILE WIKI



*SPARK PLUG*


Spark plug is a device inside the cylinder that takes in high voltage electricity (25,000 Volts) from the ignition system at one end and creates a sparks at the other end, then the spark ignites the fuel-air mixture and the resulting combustion reaction is what ultimately powers the automobile.
   There are different kind of spark plugs for different automobile, there are long and short, plugs with two, three or more grounds(the metal that receives sparks from the electrode) electrode is a metal that comes out of the bottom middle of the spark plug which is coated with a ceramic like material, it emits the spark to the grounds.


SPARK PLUG SERVICE
Why do I have to do this?
At the sparking end of the spark plug is a built in gap between two or more little pieces of metal, called electrodes. When the plug fires, one or more sparks jump that gap and a tiny bit of the metal is burned off. This happens hundreds of times every minute. Over time, the gap between the metal tips gets too big. Also, your spark plug can be faulty, but that would indicate that you have a problem.
What happens if I don’t do this?
Your engine will start to misfire and run poorly, performance will suffer, efficiency will decrease and emissions will dramatically increase. Your car may also be difficult to start.
Is there any maintenance required between intervals?
We recommend removing the old plug and reinstalling the new ones at least every 30,000 miles. Many manufacturers have long life, 60,000 or 90,000 miles spark plugs. If you don’t remove these spark plugs until they are due to be changed, you might find it extremely difficult or even impossible to remove them when the time comes. You will also want to examine the plugs if your car is running poorly.

Tips
when a spark plug is blackened it’s fuel-air mixture is too rich, when brown the fuel mixture is OK, if it is wet the plug is not firing but you need to know the wet liquid, it is either fuel or oil, a dark deposit on the plug means oil is getting into the combustion chamber.

www.AutoXy.blogspot.com
|Automobile Wiki Solution|

AYOMIDE ADEJUWON is a professional Auto-Mechanic, Techie and also an experienced blogger who specialize in educating people around the world about Automobile.

NUMBER ONE PROBLEM OF AUTOMOBILE


CHECK ENGINE Indicator


ECM. Electronic Control Module. This is known as the Brain box or Microprocessor of an Automobile, do not be surprise cause in this 21th century, automobile are going computerized and anything related to computer requires a processor. Why do automobiles need processors, well the answer is simple, it makes driving, repair & maintenance easier.
   Back in the 90’s, we are the ECM of our vehicles, why so, cause before we take our vehicle out , we check Water level, Oil level, Fuel level etc., this is quite stressful and for those who go to work  every day, I guess it will be an everyday routine, now this is where ECM comes in.
   Sensors are the input devices of the ECM inside the automobile, there duties are to read the different response and nature of the automobile, transmit the data to the ECM memory, then the ECM will store and process the data and give specific information or instruction to other components of the automobile, for example when you enter an automobile and put the ignition key at ON you will notice that the instrument panel/dashboard starts reading oil level, fuel level, engine temperature etc. this means the ECM received data from the sensors, stored and process it then transmit this information to the front of the driver,  so you do not need to stress yourself anymore. It also balance or adjust itself like if the engine gets too hot the cooling fan turns on, when the engine gets cool the cooling fan turns off.

   If you start your engine in the morning or you are driving yourself to work and you notice an engine sign or CHECK ENGINE Light in front of your dashboard/instrument panel, it means there is something wrong with your automobile, so you need to check and scan your automobile or visit an Auto Mechanic or Technician
   There are many things that can lead to CHECK ENGINE Light coming on; it can be a Faulty sensor, Service needed or abnormal performance of some part of the automobile, so to know the fault you need to look at the dashboard or scan the automobile for Trouble Codes (are numbers which represents every sensors and components in an automobile) when you get a trouble code then look it up the Trouble Code Chart to find the fault.

Trouble Code Chart. (Chevrolet)
Trouble Codes                       Circuit Devices Affected
11  -                                        Normal
12  -                                        No Reference Signal
13  -                                        Oxygen (O2) sensor Circuit (Open Circuit)
14  -                                        Coolant Temperature Sensor (CTS) Circuit (High Temperature Indicated)
35  -                                       Idle Air Control (IAC) Circuit
53  -                                       System Over Voltage

   Sometimes when the CHECK ENGINE Light comes on, some automobile jump into ‘’LIMP IN’’ mode, Limited Operation Strategy (LOS) depending on the type of automobile. This mean the automobile has been peg to a fixed performance like Fixed Ignition Timing and Air-Fuel Ratio, which means instead of towing your automobile to a repair shop you can actually drive there but not at minimum performance or speed.
The fault might be temporary or repaired and still the CHECK ENGINE Light don’t go off, this is another case, in different cars we have different ways of cancelling the CHECK ENGINE Indicator, some will go off after 40-50 engine start, you can also remove the ECM Fuse for 30 sec or remove the battery terminal for some time, if the indicator goes off then your engine is OK but if not you still have some faults in your Automobile, consult your Automobile Doctor.





AYOMIDE ADEJUWON is a professional Auto-Mechanic, Techie and also an experienced blogger who specialize in educating people around the world about Automobile.